甘蓝型油菜与芝麻菜远缘杂交研究

Study on Intergeneric Crosses of Brassica napus L.and Eruca sativa

以4个甘蓝型油菜品种为母本,3个芝麻菜材料为父本,研究了单一授粉、混合花粉授粉、重复授粉和GA3处理柱头后授粉等4种授粉方式对其杂交亲和性的影响。结果表明:甘蓝型油菜与芝麻菜的远缘杂交为高度不亲和,最强的组合是花油3号×凤庆芝麻菜,其亲和指数为0.032。混合花粉授粉降低了其杂交亲和性,花油3号×芝麻菜的亲和指数为0.021。重复授粉和GA3处理柱头后授粉可以提高杂交亲和性,花油3号×凤庆芝麻菜的亲和指数分别为0.046,0.067。但角果中的种子几乎都是皱瘪的,可见甘蓝型油菜与芝麻菜杂交是受精后不亲和,其杂种胚发育受到阻碍而不能形成正常的种子。

In the study, the four Brassica napus L. var were used as female parent, the three Eruca sativa materials were as male parentage. The effects of single-pollination, mixed pollen pollination, repeat-pollination and GA3 disposal stigma after pollination on cross compatibility. The results showed the intergeneric crosses are highly incompatible. The combination of the Huayou No3 x Eruca sativa fengqing was the best. It is compatibility index was 0. 032. Mixed pollen pollination decreased cross compatibility and it is compatibility index was 0. 021. Repeat-pollination and GA3 disposal stigma after pollination canimprove the cross compatibility and the compatibility index was 0. 046,0. 067 respectively. But the seeds of pods were almost of the empty. The crosses of Brassica napus L. x Eruca sativa were incompatible after impregnation. The growth of hybrid embryo can＇ t be formed. The normal seeds because of the hindrance of impregation.