微小颗粒骨磷酸钙复合物作为骨组织工程支架材料的实验研究

Experimental Study on Minute Morselized Allogenic Bone with Calcium Phosphate Cement as Scaffold of Tissue-engineering Bone

目的探讨使用同种异体微小颗粒骨磷酸钙骨水泥(CPC)复合物作为骨组织工程支架材料的方法。方法采用同种异体微小颗粒骨CPC复合物作为支架材料,将rh-BMP与CPC液相混合,再与兔骨膜成骨细胞及毛细血管内皮细胞复合培养,制成组织工程化人工骨。将人工骨移植到兔骶棘肌肌袋内,于术后4、8、12周进行Masson三色法组织学观察、扫描及透射电镜观察,观察其骨化及血管化情况。再将兔的桡骨制成骨缺损模型,用组织工程人工骨进行修复,于术后4、8、12周摄X线片检查、苏木精-伊红染色,观察骨缺损修复情况。结果肌袋内成骨实验,除4周时A组与B组的新骨形成面积百分比无显著性差异(P>0.05)外,其余时间段两组的新生骨面积及新生血管面积相比具有显著性差异(P<0.05)。修复骨缺损实验,A组新骨形成的速度、质量均明显优于B组。结论同种异体微小颗粒骨CPC复合物是一种良好的骨组织工程支架材料,有利于组织工程骨快速完成骨化及血管化。

Objective To investigate the minute morselized aUogeneic bone and calcium phosphate cement as the scaffold of tissue - engineering bone. Methods The complex of minute morsellzed bone and calcium phosphate cement was pre- mixed with rh - BMP, rabit periosteum osteoblasts and the mierovascular endothelial calls were seeded onto the complex which acted as the scaffold of this tissue engineering bone graft. Then the tissue engineering bone graft was enveloped by the rabit sacrospinal muscles. On the 4th, 8th and 12th week after operation, the grafts were harvested and taken to Masson trichrome stain.The grafts were also examined by electro microscope. Then the classic bone defect model was established in rabbits. The defect was repaired with the tissue - engineering minute morsdized allogenic bone graft on the 4th, 8th and 12th week. The X- ray examination and HE stain were performed. Results For the ossification test in rabbit saerospinal muscles, on the 8th and 12th weeks, the area of newly formed bone and vaseulature in group A was larger than group B （ P 〈 0.05 ）, but on 4th week the difference was not significant （ P 〉 0.05 ） . In bone defect repairing test, the group A had superior quality and velocity of newly formed bone over group B. Conclusion The complex of the minute morselized allogeneic bone and the calcium phosphate cement can act as a scaffold of the tissue engineering bong graft and it can facilitate the revascularization and the ossification process of the tissue engineering bone graft.