妊娠期糖尿病患者治疗依从性与妊娠结局的关系

Relationship Between Compliance with Treatment and Outcome of Pregnancy in Gestation Diabetes Mellitus

目的:探讨妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)患者对治疗的依从性与妊娠结局的关系。方法:回顾性分析49例GDM患者,其中28例接受系统饮食指导及治疗;另21例亦按上述方法确诊,但未服从系统饮食指导。分析妊娠并发症、围产儿并发症的发生情况。结果:两组分娩前体重指数、分娩时孕周及新生儿出生体重无明显差异(P>0.05),而接受系统饮食治疗者妊娠并发症的发生率明显低于未接受系统饮食治疗的GDM者(P<0.05)。两组巨大儿发生率无明显差异,而其他新生儿并发症如新生儿窒息、早产、吸入性肺炎、高胆红素血症等,经合理饮食治疗后,发生率明显低于未经系统饮食控制者(P<0.05)。结论:加强GDM临床管理,提高患者对治疗的依从性可以显著改善妊娠结局,提高母儿生活质量。

Objective： To study the relationship between the compliance with the diet therapy and outcomes of pregnancy in gestation diabetes mellitus （GDM）. Methods： Clinical data of 49 cases with GDM were retrospectively analyzed. All cases were divided into compliant group （n=28） and uncompliant group （n=21） according to whether compliance with the diet therapy. The relation of compliance rate and outcomes of pregnancy was analyzed. Results： The BMI before the delivery, gestational weeks and the body weight of newborns of the two groups had no significant difference （all P〉0.05）. The incidence of fatal macrosonia of the two groups had no obviously difference. The incidence rates of the rest complication of newborn, for instance, neonatal asphyxia, premature, aspiration pneumonia and hypertensive disorder complicated with pregnancy was lower in the compliant group （all P〈0.05）. Conclusion： The higher rate compliance with therapy can obviously improve the outcome of pregnancy in GDM.