2004年中央补助山东省地方性氟中毒防治项目调查结果分析

Outcome analysis on the items for endemic fluorosis control in Shandong Province in 2004

目的了解山东省氟中毒病区水氟分布和改水降氟工程现状。方法按照国家《地方病防治项目技术方案》进行，水氟测定用氟离子选择性电极法。结果筛查了3063个村的饮水水样，水氟≤1．00mg/L的村为1171个（占38．23％），〉1．00mg／L的村为1892个（占61．77％），最大值为11．33mg／L。检测了2435处改水降氟工程的饮水含氟量，水氟≤1．00mg／L的工程为1673处（占68．71％），〉1．00mg／L的工程为762处（占31．29％），最大值为9．71mg／L。改水降氟工程以打井为主，水源主要为地下水．20％的工程已经报废。结论在18个县中，仍有近50％的村水氟超标，防治形势仍然十分严峻，须尽快落实防治措施和加强改水降氟工程的监测工作。

Objective To investigate the distribution of water fluoride and the present status of water- improving defluoridation projects in the endemic fluorosis areas in Shandong Province. Methods According to ＂The National Technical Scheme for Endemic Disease Control＂, the content of fluoride in drinking water was assassed by F-ion selective electrode. Results Water fluoride content was determined in 3 063 fluorosis villages. 1 171 villages had water fluoride content ≤ 1.00 mg/L（accounting for 38.23%） and 1 892 villages had water fluoride content 〉 1.00 mg/L（accounting for 61.77%）, the highest water fluoride content were 11.33 mg/L. Water fluoride content of 2 435 water-improving and defluoridation projects had been determined, among which 1 673 projects had water fluoride content ≤1.00 mg/L （accounting for 68.71%） and 762 projects had water fluoride content 〉 1.00 mg/L（accounting for 31.29%）, the highest water fluoride content was 9.71 mg/L. Water-improving and defluoridation projects mostly relied on drilling a well in gaining under-ground water. Abandoned projects accounted for 20%. Conclusions In 18 counties, nearly 50% of the villages yet had water fluoride content exceeding the standard. For the situation for endemic fluorosis control is still very severe in Shandong Province, countermeasures for endemic fluorosis must be carried out as soon as possible and surveillance of water-improving and defluoridation projects must be strengthened.