论双语翻译的认知心理研究——对“翻译过程模式”的反思和修正

Bell's Process Model and the Cognitive Study of Translation

长期以来,翻译理论和翻译研究者大都将兴趣集中在对翻译产品(译品或译作)的描写、解释和争论上,而对译品的产生过程(即翻译的心理过程)的研究尚处在对国外成果的引进和介绍阶段。相关成果颇少,批评性的研究成果更是凤毛麟角。本文通过对"翻译过程模式"及其理论的七点修正和对"主体"研究的再思考,旨在说明:1)翻译过程的实质是心理的而非物质的;2)译品是由过程实现的,译者只有理解过程才有望改进翻译技巧,提高译作水平;3)贝尔的翻译心理模式并非真理,对其进行再认识、再反思将有益于学术心理的不断创新和翻译心理科学的早日建立。

Most researchers of translation in China have been so preoccupied with describing and interpreting Bell's process theory of translation that hardly any effort has been made to subject it to a systematic examination and a critical assessment.Taking this problem into account,the author of this paper undertakes to rethink Bell's process model and comes up with three conclusions:1)translating is by nature a complex cognitive process:2)since target texts result from such a process,its understanding holds the key to improving translation;and 3)Bell's psychological model of translation is necessarily fallible,and a critical reexamination of the model would help to deepen our understanding of the psychology of translation.