大电流密度光阴极的进展

ADVANCES IN HIGH-CURRENT-DENSITY PHOTOCATHODES

长期以来,光阴极主要应用于辐射探测及微光成象。几乎所有应用于上述目的的光阴极都被设计为低电流密度工作状态(<1μA/cm^2)。这类光阴极在强光照射下,很快地出现“疲劳”现象。七十年代出现的大电流密度光阴极能在脉冲的或持续的强激光照射下产生大电流密度光电发射。本文着重报道这一时期大电流密度光阴极的进展,介绍它们的实际应用,并对几种大电流密度光阴极进行对比和评价。

For a long time past, photocathodes have been used in radiation detectors and image tubes for the detection of low light level. Almost all photocathodes for above purposes have been designed to be low-current-density status (<1μA/lm) and rapidly fatigued by high illumination. In 70s, photocathodes, emerged as a means of generating high-current-demsity photoemission under the continuous or pulsed laser beam illuminations. This paper emphatically reports the advances in high-current-density photocathodes in this period and describes its applications. Finally, the evaluations and comparison are given.