卒中单元对脑卒中患者早期疗效以及恢复期的影响

The impact of stroke unit on the early and recovery phase outcome of patients with cerebral infarotion

目的研究卒中单元对脑卒中患者的早期疗效以及恢复期的影响。方法自2005年3月至2006年4月我院住院的急性脑卒中患者共214例,随机进入卒中单元和普通病房。观察指标是病死率、平均住院时间、神经功能评价(NIHSS)、生活能力评价(BI)、社会功能评价(OHS)评分。经SPSS统计,分析卒中单元的效果。结果虽然卒中单元组和普通病房组平均住院时间及住院期间的医疗花费差异无显著性(P>0.05),但出入院NIHSS平均差值、BI平均差值、OHS平均差值差异均有显著性(P<0.05),卒中单元组住院病死率低(P<0.05),康复比例增加,以及发病后1个月、3个月的NIHSS、OHS卒中单元组均明显优于普通病房组(P<0.05)。结论卒中单元能减少脑卒中住院患者的病死率,提高患者的早期日常生活能力,减少神经功能缺损,提高回归社会的能力。

Objective To investigate the early and the recovery phase therapeutic effect of stroke unit on stroke patients. Methods 214 patients were andmitted into our department from March. 2005 to April. 2006. All the patients were assigned either into stroke unit（SU） or general ward （GW） randomly to receive treatment and the data of the patients of the two groups were compared. The key indexes recorded were mortality and hospitalization time and other aprameters observed were Barthel Index （BI）, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale （NIHSS） ,Oxford Handicap Scale （OHS）. All these data, incorporated with cost and effect, were analyzed with SPSS soft packs. Results Hospitalization time and medieal cost had no statistical difference of between the two groups（ P 〉 0. 05 ）, but the mean gap scores between the day of admission and discharge demonstrated significant difference in BI,NIHSS or OHS（ P 〈 0. 05 ）. Mortality rate was less （ P 〈 0. 05 ） and rehabilitation higher in SU than in GW （P 〈0.05）. The scores between the day of admission after I month and 3 month discharged also demonstrated significant difference in BI and OHS （P 〈 0. 05）Conclusion For stroke patients, SU is able to reduce the mortality rate, improve the daily activities in early stage, reduce neurological defects and restore social abilities.