重庆市大气TSP中水溶性无机离子的化学特征

Chemical Characteristics of Water-soluble Components in TSP Over Chongqing

于2001至2002年在重庆市7个采样点采集了TSP。进行了水溶性无机离子分析。结果发现。SO4^2-离子浓度最高，其浓度范围为6．32—20．96μg/m^3；Ca^2＋次之。其浓度范围0．78—7．47μg／m^3；SO4^2-、NO3^-和NH4^＋三种离子占TSP质量的8．05％-20．96％。Ca^2＋、K^＋与SO4^2-和NO3^-都有很好的相关性，[NO3^-]/[SO4^2-]比值较低（均值为0．4），说明重庆市区普遍使用含硫燃蝶。SO4^2-浓度冬季最高，主要与冬季燃煤的消耗增大有关。NO3^-季节明显，与NO3^-的形成环境温度密切相关。水溶性无机离子质量浓度有较明显的区城差异，中心城区采样点离子质量浓度高于距离中心城区较远的采样点。

Aerosol samples for total suspended particles （TSP） at seven sites of aerosol source samples were collected from 2001 to 2002 in Chongqing. The concentrations of SO4^2- water-solubility inorganic ions of all particle samples were obtained by ion chromatngram analyzer. The results show that concentrations of were from 6.32 to 20.96μg/m^3 ,the highest level in all ions, then the concentrations of were from 0.78 to 7.47μg/m^3 , the second highest level. SO4^2- , NO3^- and NH4^＋ were anthropogenic species accounted for a mean of from 8.05% to 20.96% of the TSP mass. A good linear correlation among Ca^2＋ , K^＋ , SO4^2- and NO3^- . Lower mass ratio of [NO3^- ]/ [SO4^2- ] （mean value was 0.4）in TSP was found because of wide use of sulfur-contalning coal. The concentration of SO4^2- roached the highest level in winter because of coal consumption increasing. The seasonal variation of NO3^- were obvious because it attributed to gasto-particle conversion depending on the ambient temperature. The concentrations of Ca^2＋ water-solubility inorganic ions were obviously different in different sites and the concentrations of water-solubility inorganic ions in the downtown sites higher than the sites away from downtown.