归化方略与大文化主义

Domestication and Cultural Chauvinism

由于地位的差异,文化之间不可能进行真正平等的交流。在翻译活动中,大文化出于自身的偏见以及意识形态方面的考虑,往往对小文化的文学采用归化策略,以强化自己的中心地位和霸权地位。长期以来,小文化也在对外翻译中迎合大文化传统,主动归化自己。在全球化的背景下,面对日益频繁的、深刻的文化交流,处于小文化中的译者必须采取归化异化并用的方式,抵抗大文化的侵略,并建立自成体系的翻译理论,努力为民族文化的生存拓出空间。

As the primary means of cultural communication, translation never takes place in a vacuum, instead, the activity itself is implicated in the continuing power relations between dominant cultures and dominated cultures, the former attempting to assert their hegemonic position by means of the domestication method, while the latter in their effort to be accepted often colluding with the former in translation strategy. However, in the face of increasing cultural communication brought about by globalization, translators representing the dominated cultures are compelled to adopt countermeasures for the survival of their home culture.