忧愁满纸发人深思——读刘基《犁眉公集》中的诗歌

Full of Melancholy and Covered with Deep Thought——Poems in Liu Ji’s Li Mei Gong Ji

刘基于明初所写诗文收在《犁眉公集》一书中。其中大部分是诗歌,而诵读之会深感大多情调低沉,充满忧愁。究其原因,乃是由于其时刘基的政治生活坎坷不顺。他为人一心为国,坚持法纪,不徇私情,在用人上不看亲仇,坚决反对非德才兼备者担任重要职位,由此得罪了权相李善长、胡惟庸等,从而在政治上大受排挤,不仅不能安于其位,甚至病中被药中下毒,最后郁闷而死。面对此情此景,刘基心绪忧愁伤感,《犁眉公集》中的诗歌大多充满忧伤,正是其真实心境之反映。刘基的遭遇使人感叹,在封建社会中一心为国者竟不得好报。但刘基一心为国的言行毕竟被记录下来,从而使之成为流芳千古的人物,由此说来,即使在封建社会中,一心为国者最终并不吃亏。

Liu Ji＇s poems written at the beginning of Ming dynasty were collected in Li Mei Gong Ji, which was full of melancholy and depression because of his frustrated political life. He was loyal to the country and faithful to the law. Therefore, he offended the benefit of Li Shanchang, Hu Weiyong, and etc. resulting in dying of melancholy and depression. Thus, poems in Liu Ji＇s Li Mei Gong Ji sounded sad which were real reflection of his life. What a pity for Liu Ji＇s encountering! However, these anecdotes were recorded, and Liu Ji would live in the public＇s mind forever. As a whole, in the feudal society, loyalty to the country would not be disastrous.