光皮桦天然林群落结构及物种多样性分析

Analysis on community structure and species diversity of natural forest of Betula luminifera

对福建省光皮桦(Betula lum iniferaH.W inkl.)天然林群落结构和物种多样性进行了调查分析。结果表明,光皮桦天然林群落的物种多样性丰富,与光皮桦混生的植物种类有46科78属117种。9个光皮桦天然林群落乔木层中,武平县梁野山自然保护区的S impson多样性指数最高,邵武卫闽的最低。较原生的森林群落中,以壳斗科植物为基本建群种,物种多样性较丰富,光皮桦重要值较低。在原生森林遭到破坏后的演替过程中,光皮桦重要值增高,成为落叶阔叶林类型之一。光皮桦天然林渐危的主要原因是人为破坏,应加强现有天然林资源的保护、注重遗传资源的收集和保存以及人工林资源的培育。

An investigation of community structure and species diversity of natural forest of Betula luminifera H. Winkl. in various districts was conducted in Fujian Province. The results showed that there were abundant species diversity in B. luminifera community and mixed plant species belonged to 46 families,78 genera, 117 species. The population of Liangye Mountain Nature Reserve had the highest diversity indices of tree layer in nine B. luminifera forest communities, the least was population in Weimin Village of Shaowu City. In original forest community, the species of Fagaceae was edificator with abundant species diversity but the important value of B. luminifera was low. In succession stage after primeval forest was destroyed, the important value of B. luminifera increased with it＇s becoming into a dominant species in deciduous broadleaved forest. The mainly endangered cause of natural forest of B. luminifera was personnel destroy, therefore, it was suggested that the conservation of standing natural forest of B. luminifera should be strengthened and paid attention to collect and protect genetic resources and cultivate plantation.