西施舌营养成分分析与评价

Analysis and evaluation of nutritive composition in edible part of Coelomactra antiquata

对西施舌(Coelomactra antiquata)肉的水分、灰分、粗蛋白、粗脂肪及部分微量元素等进行了分析,并对其营养价值进行了评价。结果表明:西施舌鲜肉含水量为82.31%,粗蛋白11.18%(占干基质量的63.19%),粗脂肪0.54%,灰分2.36%;西施舌蛋白质中含有18种编码氨基酸,其中含人体所需的全部8种必需氨基酸,必需氨基酸的质量分数为20.93%(干基),占氨基酸总量的36.28%,谷氨酸(Glu)、天冬氨酸(Asp)和甘氨酸(Gly)的质量分数较高,分别占干基的7.80%、5.57%和6.70%;高度不饱和脂肪酸C20:4(EPA)和C22:6(DHA)分别占脂肪酸总数的20.41%和10.20%;对西施舌肉营养价值评价结果显示:Gly,Asp、Glu和丙氨酸(Ala)4种呈味氨基酸占水解氨基酸总量的44.77%,占游离氨基酸总量的72.94%;氨基酸评分(SAA)和化学评分(SC)结果都显示第一限制性氨基酸是色氨酸,其SAA值和SC值分别为0.73和0.43,必需氨基酸指数(IEAA)为64.91,牛磺酸含量丰富,质量比为13 830 mg/kg(干基);西施舌含有较丰富的Fe和Zn,在其干基中的质量比分别为130.0 mg/kg和52.0 mg/kg。

In this paper, the contents of moisture, crude protein, crude fat, crude ash, composition of fatty acids, amino acids and trace elements in edible part of Coelomactra antiquata were analyzed. The results showed that contents of crude protein, crude fat and crude ash were 11.18 % （63.19 %, dry basis） , 0.54%, 2.36 %, respectively. There were 18 varieties of coding amino acids and 8 varieties of essential amino acid for human needs in edible part. The content of essential amino acid was 20.93 %, the percentage of essential amino acid in total amino acids （E/TA） was 36.28 %, and Glu, Asp and Gly （7.80%, 5.57% and 6.70% respectively） were higher than others. The highly unsaturated fatty acids of EPA and DHA were 20.41%, 10.20 %, respectively. By nutrition evaluation for the amino acids in edible part of C. antiquata to human needs, the contents of 4 varieties of delicious amino acids were 44.77% （in hydrolyzed amino acid） and 72.94% （in free amino acid） of total amino acids. According to the amino acids score （SAA）, the first limited amino acid was Trp, on the basis of chemical core （Sc）, the first limited amino acid is Trp too. The essential amino acid index was 64.91, the content of Taurine （Tau） was 13830 mg/kg （dry）. The result also indicated that the mineral Fe and Zn of edible part of C. antiquata were 130.0 mg/kg, 52.0 mg/kg （dry） respectively.