2002年中国城市居民糖尿病流行状况分析

Study on diabetes prevalence in urban China

目的了解我国城市居民糖尿病患病现状。方法以全国31省、直辖市、自治区的44个城市调查点中20岁以上成年人为调查对象,共16 511人。以现场测定空腹血糖为主要诊断指标,并结合糖耐量试验和患病史调查结果确定糖尿病患者。结果大城市20岁及以上成年人糖尿病标化患病率为6.13%,男性6.08%,女性6.30%;20～、30～、40～、50～、60～、70～、80～岁年龄组患病率分别为1.07%、2.72%、6.50%、11.62%、17.36%、18.32%、10.06%,空腹血糖水平分别是(4.74±0.90)mmol/L、(4.93±1.03)mmol/L、(5.12±1.47)mmol/L、(5.42±1.76)mmol/L、(5.63±1.88)mmol/L、(5.70±2.07)mmol/L、(5.24±1.10)mmol/L。中小城市20岁及以上成年人糖尿病标化患病率为3.78%,男性3.98%,女性3.63%;20～、30～、40～、50～、60～、70～、80～岁年龄组患病率分别为0.41%、1.38%、3.41%、9.14%、12.56%、11.23%、5.56%,空腹血糖水平分别是(4.68±0.58)mmol/L、(4.82±0.74)mmoL/L、(4.99±1.04)mmoL/L、(5.31±1.55)mmol/L、(5.49±1.73)mmol/L、(5.39±1.62)mmol/L、(5.22±1.30)mmol/L。结论大城市、中小城市居民糖尿病患病率和空腹血糖水平的增龄效应明显;与青年人群比较,中老年人群糖尿病患病率明显增高。大城市各年龄组居民糖尿病患病率和空腹血糖水平明显高于中小城市。

Objective To describe the status of diabetic mellitus （DM） prevalence and fast blood glucose level among urban population in China. Methods All 16 511 subjects, from households participating in dietary survey, aged over 20 years, were randomly sampled from 44 urban sites in 31 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities. The diagnosis of DM was based mainly on fast plasma glucose concentration, combining with oral glucose tolerance test and the survey of previous diabetic mellitus diagnosis in local hospitals. Results The DM prevalence in big cities was 6.13%, 6.08% for male and 6.30% for female, The DM prevalence was 1, 07%, 2, 72%, 6.50%, 11.62%, 17. 36%, 18. 32% and 10, 06% for 20,30,40,50,60,70 and 80 years age groups and the fast plasma glucose levels were （4. 74 ± 0. 90）mmol/L, （4.93 ± 1.03） mmol/L, （5. 12 ± 1.47） mmol/L, （5.42 ± 1.76） mmol/L, （5.63 ± 1.88） mmol/L, （5.70 ±2.07）mmol/L, and （5.24 ± 1.10） mmol/L respectively. The DM prevalence in medium small cities was 3.78% , 3.98% for male and 3.63% for female. The DM prevalence was 0. 41% ,1.38% , 3.41% ,9. 14% ,12. 56% ,11.23% and 5.56% for 20,30,40,50,60,70 and 80 years age groups, and the fast plasma glucose level was （ 4. 68 ± 0. 58 ） mmol/L, （ 4. 82 ± 0. 74 ） mmol/L, （ 4. 99 ± 1.04 ） mmol/L, （5.31 ± 1.55） retool/L, （5.49 ± 1.73） retool/L, （5.39 ± 1.62） mmol/L, （5.22 ± 1.30） mmol/L respectively in small and medium cities. Conclusion For DM and fast plasma glucose level, the effects of increasing with the age should be very obvious either in big cities or medium and small cities. The DM prevalence rate in middle aged and elderly groups should be significantly higher than that in young population. The DM prevalence of each group in big cities is higher than that in medium and small cities.