清代新疆地区官主山川祭祀研究

Official Cult of Mountains and Rivers during the Qing Dynasty in Xinjiang

清代新疆地区官主山川祭祀活动最早始于乾隆时统一新疆的过程中,按其发展分为两个阶段,临时性祭告和制度性岁祭。官主山川祭祀的出现既是满族统治者本民族信仰在新疆地区的自然表达,又与新疆地区独特的自然、社会环境有着密切的联系。祭祀仪式具有鲜明的政治意义,是清政府意在将新疆纳入王朝统治秩序中去的重要象征。

Official cult of mountains and rivers in Xinjiang began in the Qianlong reign when the Qing court unified Xinjiang.It has two main forms,one is temporary ritual,and the other is institutional ritual.Official cult in Xinjiang is not only a natural expression of dominant Manchu people's belief but also closely related to the unique natural and social environment of Xinjiang then.With distinct political bearing,official cult ritual is an important indication of the Qing Dynasty to bring Xinjiang into its own governance.