中国工程外迁移民土地安置机制的反思

Reflection on Land Arrangement Mechanisms about Project External Immigrants

三峡工程外迁农村移民实行“以土为本、以农为主”的安置政策,这符合工程移民自身特点和世界银行移民安置条例的有关规定,有助于外迁移民尽快适应安置地的生产生活,实现自然、平稳的迁移过渡。然而,在具体的实践操作过程中,围绕土地的供给设计、土地的质量、土地的(耕种)条件、土地的职能发挥等问题仍需作进一步的改进和完善,以帮助外迁移民迅速摆脱基于生存的伦理束缚,走上发家致富型的正确轨道,进而赶超当地居民的生活水平。

In China we perform the land arrangement mechanisms about project external immigrants, which are suitable to the characteristics of immigrants and are in accordance with the rules concerning immigrant arrangement of the World Bank. This will also contribute to the immigrants＂ adaptation in life and production in the resettlement region and the realization of natural and steady migration transfer. During the course of arrangement practice, we should further improve and perfect the land policy. That means we must revise and supplement some rules on land provision, land quality, land condition and land function so that external immigrants are able to get away from the ethic restrictions of survival and catch up with or surpass the living standard of local residents.