无土栽培用废棉非织造布基质的设计开发

Design and development of waste-cotton nonwoven substrate for soilless culture

以无土栽培基质所要求的物理性状为依据,采用棉纺厂落棉,根据Design-Expert软件设计的实验方案,利用非织造布针刺技术,生产了17种非织造布基质。采用响应曲面法,建立针刺工艺参数与基质主要物理性状和草坪综合评价的数学模型,并进行拟合优度检验,实现了基质针刺工艺的最优化。研究表明废弃棉纤维能够作为无土栽培基质的原料,生产的非织造布基质有利于水分的吸收、排放、通气及根系的伸长和结构的稳定。

According to the physical properties required for soilless-culture substrates, this paper produces 17 types of nonwoven substrates with noil in cotton mill using needle punching based on experimental scheme of Design-Expert software. By means of response surface methodology （RSM）, a mathematical model for comprehensive evaluation of the needling process parameters, main physical properties of the substrate and the lawn is developed. Fitting degree is examined and the needling process is optimized. This study reveals that waste cotton can be used as the material of nonwoven substrate for soilless culture. This nonwoven substrate facilitates water absorption and draining, aeration, plant roots penetrating and extending, and the structural stabilization.