洞庭湖区农户经济效益最佳化肥投入量研究

On the Optimum Application Amount of Chemical Fertilizer Accord with the Economic Benefit in the Dongting Lake Area

针对洞庭湖区农户在粮食生产中的化肥施用量急剧增加,化肥利用率下降现象,运用生产函数模型和边际效益原理,考虑农户经济效益,分析粮食生产中化肥最佳投入量。结果表明,洞庭湖区化肥用量与粮食播面单产表现为一元二次函数关系:y=-0.066x2+32.493x+1 624,210.65 kg.hm-2是洞庭湖区目前生产条件下,兼顾生产、经济效益的适宜施肥量,相应的粮食产量为5 539 kg.hm-2。2002年洞庭湖区粮食生产实际施肥量超过农户经济最优施肥量30.21 kg.hm-2。

In the Dongting Lake area the crop yield increase had more and more depended upon the increasing application of chemical fertilizer. The chemical fertilizer utilization efficiency had greatly decreased. Authors used the production function model and the law of marginal product decrease by degree to analyze the optimum application amount of chemical fertilizer accord with the economic benefit. The results showed that the relation between the chemical fertilizer application and the foodstuff yield per hectare area accorded with quadratic function, was y= -0.066x^2 ＋32.493x＋1 624. 210.65 kg ·hm^-2 was the most feasible application amount of fertilizer and the corresponding food supplies yield would be 5 539 kg·hm^-2 in the Dongting Lake area currently. The actual fertilizer application amount in 2002 exceeded the fertilizer application amount of optimal farmers＇ financial benefit in food supplies production in the Dongting Lake area, reached 30. 21 kg·hm^-2.