报的运作方位

The Dimension of Bao's Work in China

报的运行及其结构在相关研究中几乎一直是一个空白。其原因是它的含义被交换理论之发展所掩盖。报所具有的交换方式要求在一种社会与文化的封闭系统中运行,从而使其在稳定性、原则和层次性等方面都表现出自己的特征。而这一要求同中国传统社会和文化结构之间保持着高度的一致性。但由于儒家偏重的仕途理想似乎更关注于一种开放性的交换方式,进而倾向于一种与报相对应的价值倡导。比较而言,此种倡导终难抵挡报的强势作用,进而造成这种封闭性的交换方式仍是中国社会关系中最为现实的基础。

There are few discussions in the researches on the work and structure of Chinese concept of “Bao'. Its meaning and feature may be covered by the social exchange theory. “Bao' needs to work in a closed system of a society and its culture, which has its own traits of stability, principles and levels. Chinese tradition shows high consensus with this requirement, but Confucianism advanced an open exchange principle of “Yi' for the officialdom, market exchange, etc. However, Confucianism value hardly resists the belief of “Bao', which has been the basis for social relations in China.