叶面喷硒对水稻籽粒硒富集及分布的影响

EFFECT OF FOLIAR APPLICATION OF SELENITE ON SELENIUM ACCUMULATION AND DISTRIBUTION IN RICE

在大田试验条件下，研究了江苏省苏南地区水稻（龙晴4号、86优8和丙9652）叶面喷施和未喷施亚硒酸钠对水稻籽粒硒含量、硒的形态及对蛋白质结合态硒的影响。结果表明：叶面喷施亚硒酸钠10g hm^-2，可使该地区水稻籽粒硒含量达255．3—586．5μg kg^-1，是不喷硒的7．9-11．0倍。无论喷硒还是未喷硒，水稻籽粒硒主要以有机硒的形态存在，有机硒含量占总硒量的87．72％-90．98％，对产量没有显著差异。总体看来，叶面喷硒可以显著提高籽粒蛋白结合态硒含量，籽粒蛋白质结合的硒占有机硒的43．07％-51．65％，占总硒的38．04％-48．98％。叶面喷硒与对照相比，二个品种（龙晴4号与丙9652）籽粒的蛋白谱带基本一致，只是喷硒的水稻籽粒在14～20kDa之间增加了一些蛋白条带，这可能是由于喷硒增加了一些小分子蛋白质的合成。

Under field experiment condition, effects of foliar application of Na2SeO3 on concentration and form of Se, and protein-bound Se in grains of Longqing 4, 86 You 8 and Bing 9 652 varieties of rice were studied in South Jiangsu. Results show that foliar application of Na2SeO3 at a rate of Se 10 g hm^-2 could raise significantly Se content in rice up to 255.3 - 586.5 μg kg^- 1, which was 7.9 - 11.0 times higher than that in CK. Moreover, foliar application of Na2SeO3 did not show any negative effect on rice yield. Most Se in rice grains was organic Se, occupying over 87.72 % - 90.98 % of total selenium, and proteinbound Se accounted for 43.07 % - 51.65 % of the organic selenium and 38.04 % - 48.98 % of total selenium. Application of Na2SeO3 did not affect much distribution of protein. The spectral bands of the grains （ Longqing 4 and Bing 9 652） with or without Se application were more or less the same, except for some new protein bands between 14 - 20 kDa, suggesting that Se application might increase formation of some small molecular proteins.