控释尿素硫膜对土壤性质和油菜生长的影响

EFFECTS OF SULFUR-COATING LEFT FROM USING SCU ON COLE GROWTH AND SOIL CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

为预测硫包膜控释肥施用后大量硫膜残留对土壤生态系统造成的影响,设置硫包膜材料添加量不同的盆栽油菜试验,以研究控释尿素硫膜对土壤化学性状及植株生长的影响。研究结果表明:硫膜及硫磺可显著活化土壤的Fe、Mn、Zn等元素,对土壤中水溶性K+、Na+、Ca2+、Mg2+、SO42-、HCO3-、Cl-等含量也有较大影响;同时硫膜和硫磺的施入影响了土壤原有的酸碱平衡和氧化还原平衡,表现为土壤交换性酸和交换性铝含量增加、pH值下降、还原性物质和活性还原物含量下降。另外施硫能促进油菜的生长并显著影响植株对N、P、K、S的吸收,在硫包膜尿素处理基础上继续施用较多的硫磺仍有增产效应。与硫磺相比硫膜短期内对土壤性质的影响较轻。

The objective of this study was to predict the potential influence of sulfur-coating material left in the soil from using sulfur-coated urea （SCU） on agricultural ecosystem. In order to find effects of sulfur in the coating of SCU on cole growth and soil chemical properties, a pot experiment, which was designed to have 6 treatments, was conducted. Results of the experi- ment indicated that both the coating and sulfur applied could significantly enhance activity of Fe, Mn and Zn in the soil, and affect contents of water-soluble K^＋ , Na^＋, Ca^2＋ , Mg^2＋ , SO4^2- , HCO3^- , and Cl^- in the soil. Besides, they tipped the original acid-base balance and redox balance of the soil, which was represented as increase in soil exchangeable acid and exchangeable Al, but decrease in soil pH, and contents of reductive material and active reductive material. At the same time they were shown to be able to promote cole growth and uptake of N, P, K and S. Application of sulfur could still have some crop response in yield in SCU treatments. The short-term impact of sulfur-coating on soil chemical properties was weaker than that of sulfur.