摘要
通过渐近体长(L∞),渐近体重(W∞)、生长系数(K)、初次性成熟年龄(Tm)、最大年龄(Tmax)、瞬时自然死亡率(M)和种群繁殖力(PF)等七个生态学参数的比较,研究19种淡水鱼类和15种近海鱼类的生态对策。根据r—选择和k—选择的典型特征以及各参数间相互关系的显著性,3种鲟鱼类属k—选择;牙鲆等5种近海鱼类偏向k—选择;青鱼、勒氏笛鲷等9种鱼类偏向r—选择;鲤、黄鲫等17种鱼类为r—选择。对r-k选择的资源特征及其对捕捞的反应做了分析,只有合理控制捕捞强度和起捕年龄,才能保护资源,获得较好的经济效益。
Ecological strategy of 19 species of fresh water and 15 species of inshore fishes arestudied by analyzing seven ecological parameters of asymptotic body-length (L∞)、asymptoticbody-weight (W∞)、growth coefficient(k)、primary reprocuctive age (Tm),maximum age (Tmax),instantaneous natural mortality(M)and population fecundity (PF).According to the typicalcharacteristics of r and k-selection and the distinction of the interrelationship between each parameter, There is conclusion that three species of Sturgeon belong to k-selection, Bastard halibutetc. 5 species inshore fishes tend to k-selection; Black and Russell's snapper etc.9 species tend tor-selection, and Carp、Hairfin anchovy etc. 17 species, r-selection.The resources characteristicsof r or k-selection and their reaction to fishing are analyzed, too.Only when the harvestingstrength and the first fishing age are properly controlled,the resources can be protected and abetter economic efficiency can be gained.
关键词
淡水鱼类
近海鱼类
生态学参数
渔业管理
Ecological strategy r-selection k-selection Ecological parameters Fisheries managemen