栉孔扇贝生殖活动前后的滤食和生长

FEEDING AND GROWTH OF SCALLOP CHLAMYS FARRERI BEFORE AND AFTER SPAWNING

在桑沟湾用模拟现场流水法对栉孔扇贝的摄食生理进行了比较研究。结果表明，栉孔扇贝在进行生殖活动前后滤水率无明显的差异，但进行生殖活动前的摄食量较大。尽管栉孔扇贝的滤水率和摄食量随着个体的增大而增加，它的吸收率却与个体大小无关。在３００～６００ｍｌ／ｍｉｎ的水流范围内栉孔扇贝的滤水率没有明显的变化，水流小于３００ｍｌ／ｍｉｎ时扇贝的滤水率则明显降低。根据实验数据，用计算机模拟得出了梯孔扇贝在生殖活动前后滤水率与个体体重和壳高关系的经验公式分别为：ＦＲ＝２．９１４２Ｗ０．３７６２，Ｒ２＝０．９３９２和ＦＲ＝０．４９４３Ｌ１．０３９２，Ｒ２＝０．９１５１。

The native scallop Chlamys farreri has been a major component of shell fisheries and aquaculture species in northern China since the 1970's. It has been reported that the feeding of adult broodstock may strongly affect the subsequent eggs,larvae and juveniles. In this study,the feeding physiology and growth of this species just before and after showning were examined by semi-in situ experiments using a running seawater system in Sanggou Bay in April and May,1995. Similar to scallops cultured in the field,the experimental scallops naturally spawned in midMay when the water temperature was 16～17℃. The results showed that there were no significant differences in filtration rate and retsntion efficiency before and after showning, but that the scallops ingested more before spawning. Although the filtration rate and ingestion increased with scallop size. the absorption efficiency, however, had no relationship to the body size, and varied between 56. 6 % and 62. 8%. Variation in water flow from 300 to 600 ml/min had little influences on the filtration rate,while water flow lower than 300 ml/min inhibited the filtration rate significantly. Because of differences between experimental and natural condition as well as differences in the scallop's physiological saute, the experimental scallops grew more slowly than their field siblings. arsed on the filtration rate of scallops with different body size(7 size classes were tested ), the simulated relationship between filtration rate and they size was as follows: FR= 2. 9142W0.3762, Re=0. 9392, where W represents dry tissue weight, or FR= 0. 4943L1. 0392, R2= 0. 9151,where L represents shell height.