山西省大同市农业生态气候适宜度评价

Appraisal and analysis of agriculture eco-climatic amenity in Datong city of Shanxi province

文章选择黄土高原边缘，颇具生态地理意义的山西省大同市及所辖7个县区为研究对象，依据该区域1971-2000年的长期实测气象资料，在借鉴前人建立的农业生态气候适宜度动态模型的基础上，经过多次作物实验，尝试性拟合出符合区域特点的典型气候要素适宜度隶属函数；分区计算了农业生态资源指数、效能指数及利用系数，总结出区域气温及降水量适宜度曲线大致呈“n”型分布规律，峰值出现在每年的6～8月之间；日照百分率适宜度曲线呈“U”型分布规律，谷值出现在每年的7月。在SPSS统计软件环境中，以各区域累年逐月平均效能指数为分类实体，进行模糊动态聚类，提出研究区农业生态气候适宜度的三种等级模式。

This article, chooses Datong city and seven counties under its jurisdiction in Shanxi province locating at the edge of the Loess Plateau and being eco-geographical sensitive region as research objects according to the long time climate survey data from 1971 to 2000, and based on the agriculture eco-climate amenity degree dynamic model established by GU Heng-yue and AI Nan-shan, and several vegetation experiments, tentatively points out eco-climate amenity degree attribution function; using which, calculates resource index,efficiency index and utilization coefficient by areas, and creatively concludes that temperature and precipitation amenity degree of Datong city and the other seven counties appear ＂A-shaped＂ tendency, and the peak value occurs in summer; while sunshine amenity degree of them appears ＂V-shaped＂ tendency, and the time of resource being abundant is longer, and the low value of resource amenity appears in July of every year. According to fuzzy clustering, the average efficiency index of every region by months, demarcates three types of agriculture eco-climate which are appraised respectively. The results show that the agriculture coo-climate resources of Guangling,Datong and Zuoyun counties are better, the value of C, is between 1.5 and 2. 5, especially the configuration of water and temperature resources is reasonable and the sunshine time is opulent; those of Tianzhen, Lingqiu and Yanggao counties are common, the value of Ce is between 1.0 and 1.5, water and temperature are synchronous, but the sunshine time is shorter than the former; and those of Datong city and Hunyuan county are the poorest, the value of C. is less than 0. 5, especially the sunshine time appears short throughout the year.