南京市旅游景区景点系统空间结构分形研究

A fractal study on spatial structure of tourist scenic spots systems:a case study of Nanjing

应用分形理论,以南京市旅游景区景点系统为例,测算出其聚集维数、网格信息维数和空间关联维数三种分形维数,对景区景点系统的空间结构进行研究。通过对维数值和分维数坐标图进行了分析,认为南京市景区景点体系的空间结构是分形的,系统的有序度高,空间结构紧致,具有景点体系空间结构演化自组织优化的趋势,南京市景区景点的空间分布集聚性很强,且是沿着某些方向上的集聚,自组织优化趋势受到无序因素的干扰而打断,空间结构需要进行调整。

In this paper, the authors made a fractal analysis on the spatial structure of tourist scenic spots systems of Nanjing, based on a latest tourist resources survey, to explore the characteristics of spatial structure. The authors chose 14 leading tourist scenic spots as samples to analyze random aggregation fractal dimension, grid information fractal dimension and correlation fractal dimension of the tems. Through analyzing fractal dimensions spatial structure of tourist scenic spots sysand individual fractal dimension coordinate, the author concluded that it is feasible to apply fractal approach to study the spatial structure of tourist scenic spots systems in Nanjing. Analyses of three ffactal dimensions all lead to the same conclusion that the tourist scenic spots systems in Nanjing have a fractal spatial structure and show a tendency of self-organization optimization. Hierachical centers and spatial geometrical centers overlap each other and form a mature fractal spatial structure. Pillar attraction dots in each tourist spot are close to each other, providing ideal order and sequence and well-arranged spatial structure, thus leading to an optimized independent operation. To be exact, the random aggregation fractal dimension D=0. 6818, less than 1. The spatial structure of the whole tourist spots network shows a strong random aggregation while the density of tourist spots lowers down quickly from the center to its surroundings. Grid information fractal dimension also presents a highly-centered layout of tourist spots in Nanjing. Its value approaches 1, which shows that tourist spots gather along certain directions in spatial arrangement. And the correlation fractal dimension reveals that the spatial structure of tourist spots is of a multi-fractal feature with varied fractal structures, which means that the spatial structure of the system has not reached an ideal self-organization optimization, or retrogradation has occurred to some degrees. The tendency of self-organization optimization has been interrupted by some unexpected factors and the spatial structure needs new adjustments.