冲洗式气管导管预防呼吸机相关性肺炎的临床研究

Clinical study on prevention of breath machine related Pneumonia by scouring type trachea canal

目的 探讨冲洗式气管导管预防呼吸机相关性肺炎的临床应用价值。方法 将98例行机械通气的患者，随机分成实验组和对照组。实验组采用冲洗式气管导管，取生理盐水5～10ml对气囊上分泌物进行冲洗，每1h一次。对照组采用普通型气管导管，不进行冲洗，护理措施与实验组相同。观察两组患者呼吸机相关性肺炎的发生情况。结果 实验组呼吸机相关性肺炎发生率为34．69％（17／49），对照组为57．14％（28／49），组间差异有显著意义（Ⅹ^2=4．97，P〈0．05）；实验组发生呼吸机相关性肺炎平均时间为13．0±2．6d，对照组为7．0±2．1d，组间差异有显著意义（t=8．489，P〈0．01）。结论 采用冲洗式气管导管行气囊上分泌物吸引可有效避免或减少误吸的发生,降低呼吸机相关性肺炎发生率以及延迟发生时间，是预防呼吸机相关性肺炎行之有效的方法。

Objective To study the clinical applying value of scouring type trachea canal for breath relate pneumonia. Method 98 patients with mechanical ventilation were randomly divided into experimental and control group. Scouring type trachea canal was applied in experimental group, physiological saline; 5-10 ml was used for gas ball washing, one time per hour. Routine trachea canal was applied in control and without washing in control group. The occurrence of breath machine related pneumonia was observed and compared between the two groups. Result The occurrence rate of breath machine related pneumonia for experimental and control were 34.69% and 57.14 % respectively. There is significant difference between the two groups （P〈0.05）. the average time for occurrence breath machine related pneumonia was 13±2.6d for experimental groups and 7.04±2. 1d for control group. There is significant difference between the two groups. Conclusion The breath machine related pneumonia can be prevented and delayed by applied scouring type trachea canal, it＇s a effective method for breath machine related pneumonia prevention.