武汉市学龄前儿童高铅血症及其影响因素分析

Analysis of Blood Lead Status and Influencing Factors of Preschool Children

目的了解学龄前儿童高铅血症的现况,探讨高铅血症的影响因素。方法采用随机整群抽样方法,对武汉市1 757名学龄前儿童进行血铅测定及影响因素调查。结果儿童高铅血症检出率为5.18%。儿童血铅受主要抚养人文化程度、是否常吃爆米花和皮蛋、幼儿园与马路的距离、从事铅暴露职业的父母习惯、儿童年龄以及家庭装修等因素影响。结论儿童高铅血症受其生活习惯和环境等因素影响,应开展血铅筛查,早期发现血铅异常儿童,尽可能减少高铅血症对儿童健康的危害。

Objective To study the prevalence of blood lead among preschool children, and to explore the influencing factors to lead poisoning. Methods A random cluster sample of 1 757 preschool children were chosen. Their blood lead level were examined and the influencing factors were surveyed. Results The prevalence of blood ead was 5.18%. the influencing factors to children blood lead level were education level of principal care taker, intake frequency of popenm and century egg, the distance from kindergarten to road, health habits of parents who had occupational lead exposure, children＇s age and history of house decoration. Conclusion Health habits and environment contributing to high level of blood lead. Blood lead screening should be carried out among preschool children to discover those children with elevation of blood lead at early stage, so as to reduce the hazard of high blood lead as far as possible.