音响驯化技术在鲤养殖中的实验研究

Priliminary Application of Acoustic Behavior Control in the Culture of Common Carp

探讨淡水养殖尤其是大水域网箱养鱼中由于投饵方式的不当和投饵量过多导致过剩饵料沉积引起水域环境污染的解决方法。本研究利用鱼类的听觉生物学特性,参考音响驯化技术的有关参数,结合投饵用400 Hz正弦波连续音对鲤(Cyprinus carpioLinnaeus)进行了音响驯化实验。结果表明,最初放声时,实验鱼产生惊愕反应,迅速离声源而去;但驯化6 d后,实验鱼在放声后迅速游向声源,摄食时间由最初的150 s缩短到实验后期的60 s。整个实验阶段放声组与对照组摄食时间差异极显著(P<0.01),摄食率和特定生长率无显著差异(P>0.05)。根据实验鱼的生长参数,求得了参考投饵量曲线和方程。本实验结果为音响驯化技术在淡水鱼养殖中的推广应用提供了基础数据。

Fresh water culture in China, especially cage culture in large water bodies, which has developed quickly in recent years, pollutes water because of the incorrect feeding method and the sedimentation of surplus baits. To reduce pollution aroused by surplus baits, we conducted an acoustic behavior control experiment with common carp Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus with 400 Hz sine wave sounds in combination with baits by usingtheir hearing biological characteristics and referring to the related parameters of acoustic taming technology. The results indicated that at first the fish were frightened, swimming away from the sound source when the sound was played. But after 6 d training, common carp swam towards the sound source rapidly when the sound was played. The time of feeding reduced from 150 s at the beginning to 60 s at the end of the experiment. There are significant differences in the feeding time （t-test, p 〈 0.01） and no significant difference in the feeding rate and specific growth rate between the experimental and control groups. At the same time the relative curves and equations for the reference amount of baits were provided according to the growth parameters of the experimental fish. The results could provide basic data for the application of acoustic taming technology in fresh water culture.