公别拉河流域景观生态评价与目标景观生态功能定量分析

Quantitative Analysis of Landscape Assessment and Ecological Function of Target Landscapes in Gongbiela River Watershed

以GIS为平台,借助于SPOT5遥感影像建立了景观空间数据库,在摸清公别拉河流域的植被分布、水土流失现状及土地利用状况本底的基础上,采用主成分分析和空间系统聚类分析方法,对公别拉河流域景观生态功能进行定量分析评价,利用景观分异的主导因素划分目标景观,以此进行直观的景观规划,并对目标景观水土保持林现有结构进行分析,按生态功能的得分值将森林资源划分为良好状态、一般状态和较差状态,其面积各占38％、43％、19％,应分别采取不同的经营措施加以保护、改良、改造。

A space database of landscape was established with the help of the GIS and RS techniques. The ecological functions of landscapes in Gongbiela River Watershed were quantitatively analysed and evaluated with the principle component analysis and the duster analysis of spatial system in terms of the vegetation distribution as well as the current situations of soil and water loss and land uses in this region. The target landscapes were classified with the dominant factors of landscape heterogeneity, with which an intuitionistic landscape programming was made. The present structure of water and soft conservation forests was analysed, and the forest resources were classified into better, common and worse according to their scores of ecological functions, accounting for 38%, 43% and 19% of the total area, respectively. Different management measures on protection, improvement and rehabilitation should be taken to the various forest resources.