从征服自然到协调自然——人与自然关系之重新审视及协调途径的探讨

From Conquering the Nature to Coordinating the Nature——Exploration on the Reexamination and Coordinative Way of the Relation between Humankind and Nature

对技术理性的过度张扬激化了人与自然之间的矛盾,而要缓解这些矛盾,必须正确把握人与自然之间的关系。“人类中心主义”、“生态中心主义”和“可持续发展观”尽管观点殊异,但实质上不同程度地肯定了人在自然界的“主体”或“中心”地位。在自然界必须也只能倡导以人为“本”,而要巩固人类的“主体”或“中心”地位并实现其可持续发展,必须以实现人与自然的协调发展为基础。提出了协调人与自然关系的若干途径。

The excessive development of technological rationality has intensified the contradictions between humankind and the nature. Yet the alleviation of contradiction need the good knowledge of the relation between humankind and nature. Although ＂anthropocentrism＂, ＂ecologicalisrn＂ and ＂sustainable development viewpoint＂ are quite different, all of these viewpoints affirm, to certain extent, the humankind＇ s central status in the nature actually. So it is pointed out that humankind should be and have to be regarded as the center of the natural world, but the consolidation of humankind＇ s central status and the realization of sustainable development must be based on coordinative development between humankind and nature. Thus, some approaches are offered to coordinate the relation between humankind and nature.