近代英国农业的结构和性质问题——兼论从封建主义向资本主义过渡问题

The Nature and Structure of Agriculture in Modern British

本文证明,在英国近代农业中包含了大租地农场、小型家庭租佃农场、大地主地产、庄园制残余等多种经济结构成分,提出了与国内一些学者所持的英国近代农业是资本主义发展的典型的结论不同的见解,提出英国近代资本主义时期国民经济中农业经济部类的结构特征和性质的问题,认为农业部类与工业部类的结构性质有所不同,前一部类常常保留了若干封建残余和非资本主义经济结构成分,资本主义时代农业发展道路不同于工业。由于从封建主义向资本主义社会过渡的第二次国际大讨论中,布伦纳的论文是以英国农业资本主义典型性的论点为基础的,今天对布伦纳辩论有必要重新加以考虑。

This article indicates there were different structural elements of economics in British modern agricultural system, such as large tenant farm, small family tenant farm, great estate of landlord, and survivals of manor, etc.. It states an opinion, which is different from the general opinion of inland historians that there were well developments of typical agricultural capitalism in England. The article raises the question of the nature of the structure of agricultural economic division in modern national economy from British case in point, and states that the nature and structure of agricultural economic division is different from industrial economic division, but a mixed one. There were some survivals of the feudalism and non-capitalist economic elements. The tenant farm was a special structure in it. The path of development of agricultural economy is different from industrial economy in modern capitalist economic system.