中西方政治制度“分叉”发展的原因分析——对曹沛霖教授观点的补充

Why the Political Institution of China and the West Went along Different Routes——Supplements to the Ideas of Professor Cao Peilin

中西方在原始社会都是原始民主制,但在走向奴隶制国家的过程中,政治制度出现了民主制与君主专制制度的分叉。曹沛霖教授认为是地缘、商业和血缘三个因素造成了这种分叉。本文的补充是:中西方在分叉源头时期不同的社会经济状况也是分叉的一个重要原因。分叉以后又有三个因素使得分叉固化了,即:中西方不同的政体样本、不同的政治思维和不同的政治实践。中西方政治制度分叉的解决只能是推行民主制度。人民代表大会制的确立使这种分叉最终有了一个较为圆满的解决。

Primitive democracy system existed in all primitive societies. But in the course of the turning to slavery system, political institutions produced two branches——democracy and autocracy. Professor Cao Peilin thinks that it is geographical features, commerce and consanguinity which created this kind of branch roads. The supplement of this article is that the social economic conditions at the fountainhead of this state are also important one of the factors. There are three factors consolidating the state after the branches appeared. There are different political institution models, different pohfical thoughts and different pohfieal practice between China and the West. This problem is only resolved by facilitating democratic systems. The establishment of the People Congress System finally made the state solved satisfactorily.