北京市55岁以上人群1992年和2000年脑卒中患病率和残疾率情况及变动趋势

Trends in prevalence of stroke and stroke-related disability from 1992 to 2000 in Beijing people older than 55 years

目的评价北京市55岁以上中老年人脑卒中患病和脑卒中后残疾状况和变化趋势。方法分别于1992年(3 257人)和2000年(2 838人)采用同样方法在北京市区和近郊区平原和远郊山区,各随机抽取1个区/县,在所抽取的区/县采取分层、分段及整群抽样的方法抽取55岁以上中老年人进行横断面调查。结果1992年调查结果显示55岁以上、60岁以上和65岁以上人群脑卒中粗患病率分别是7.2%、7.9%和8.0%,到2000年分别提高到12.2%、12.7%和13.7%。1992年调查显示城市脑卒中患病率高于农村(8.0%vs4.8%),2000年城乡差异消失。1992年和2000年脑卒中患者残疾率分别是30.8%和31.2%,残疾率随年龄而增加,80岁组残疾率高达57.3%。以北京市同期人口数推算脑卒中患病人数:1992年约97 000人,2000年约228 000人。推算脑卒中残疾人数:1992年约29 915人,2000年约71 261人。结论从1992年到2000年北京市55岁以上居民脑卒中患病率和患病人数大幅度增长,尽管在此期间脑卒中患者的残疾率处于稳定水平,但是由于脑卒中患者人数急剧增加使残疾人数激增。

Objective To evaluate the trend in prevalence of stroke and stroke-related disability in Beijing people older than 55 years from 1992 to 2000. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in Beijing in the adults aged 55 and older in 1992. In 2000, study subjects aged 55 and older in the same regions were resampled with the same procedures as in 1992. Results The crude prevalence rates of stroke among the people older than 55,60 and 65 years were 7.2%, 7.9% and 8.0%, respectively in 1992. The rates increased sig- nificantly in 2000 and were as high as 12.2%, 12.7% and 13.7%, respectively. The prevalence of stroke was significantly higher in urban than in rural region in 1992（8.0% vs 4.8% ）. Because of much greater increment in rural area （from 4.7% to 10.5%） than in urban region （from 7.7% to 10.6%） from 1992 through 2000, no difference existed between rural and urban region in 2000（9.4% vs 10.0%）. The rate of disability among stroke survivors increased with age, with the lowest rate（14.3%） at age 55 - 59 and the highest one （57.1% ） at age 80 and over. The estimated numbers of stroke survivors were 97 000 and 228 000 in 1992 and 2000, respectively. The estimated numbers of stroke-related disability were about 29 000 in 1992 and 71 000 in 2000. Conclusion Stroke prevalence in Beijing population over 55 years old is above the average of worldwide record. Meanwhile, it increased significantly from 1992 to 2000. Although prevalence of stroke-related disability remained stable from 1992 through 2000, the increase in absolute and relative numbers of stroke survivors caused significant increment of total number of stroke-related disability victims.