“断裂”与“兼容”:儒学复兴面临的困境

“Break” and “Compatibility”: Predicament Confronted in the Revival of the Confucianism

中国的现代化属于“外源性的现代化”,外来文化的冲击和社会的全面转型造成了传统的“断裂”。当人们开始审视现代化的局限时,试图通过复兴传统文化(如儒学)来弥补现代化的缺陷,似乎是顺理成章的一种选择。但是,我们不仅需要弄清楚要复兴的是儒学的哪个方面(制度、思想或习俗),而且需要明确儒学之复兴所面临的困境。我们的确应该继承和发扬儒学的思想传统,然而当儒学失去了制度上的优势,面临着各种各样价值观念的挑战,尤其是置身于商业化的大众文化时代时,究竟如何培育它的“核心竞争力”,与现代社会“兼容”从而发挥有效的积极作用,是我们不得不面对的难题。

The modernization in China is a kind of ＂exogenous modernization＂, in which the challenges from foreign civilization and the comprehensive transformation of Chinese society caused a break in Chinese tradition. So it seems to be a natural choice, when people began to examine the limitation of modernization, that its defects could be remedied by means of reviving traditional cultures such as the Confucianism. However, what we need is not only to clarify which aspects of the Confucianism should be revived （e. g. institution, thoughts or custom）, but also the predicament confronted with it. It is doubtless that the Confucian tradition deserves carrying forward. But since Confucianism had lost its institutional advantages and is confronted with challenges from various values, especially in the time of commercialized popular culture, we have to consider the difficulties of how to cultivate its ＂key competitive strength＂ and how to make it compatible with the modem society so as to play an active role in it.