从苏州园林与徽州园林看江南建筑文化之传承与互动

Suzhou Garden vs Huizhou Garden Study on Inheritance and Interaction between Branches of Architectural Culture in South of Yangzi River Area

园林遗产是建筑文化的重要载体。该文通过对苏州和徽州两地古典园林的横向考察,结合相关文献史料分析,从艺术源流、经济地位、城乡差异、人员流动等方面,初步探讨了明清时期江南地域文化中苏州和徽州两个亚文化圈之间建筑文化的传承途径与互动关系。它们遵循共同的艺术原则,适应各自的建筑环境,其文化传承的总趋势是从高势位的都市流向乡村,却不乏双向互动影响,各显所长,从而创造了各自的艺术特色。

Garden is one of the most significant legacies of Chinese architectural culture. This paper has employed a comparative study between Suzhou and Huizhou gardens. By carefully analyzing on relevant documents and literature of gardens in terms of art origins, economic positions, differences between towns and countries, and population immigration, etc, the author has discussed the inheritance and interaction between Suzhou and Huizhou culture branches during the Ming and Qing Dynasties, both of which subordinated under the cultural headstream of south of the Yangzi River area. With common principles of art in different environments, and with the same trend of culture influence passing down from towns to countries, these two branches of culture have cultivated two distinct styles of architecture adapting perfectly to their own unique environments, and they have interacted but forming characteristics of their own at the mean time.