何逊山水诗略论

A Brief Study of He Xun's Landscape Poems

在何逊诗中,山水景物的描写完全服从于诗人主观感情抒发的需要,并与诗人特定时刻的情绪融为一体。何逊作诗不受时俗影响,能超拔于当时颓废的文风。他的山水诗绝少纯粹写景,景物描写总是包裹、浸润在浓浓的相思惜别的愁绪之中,寓情于景,景中有情,以景托情,情景交融,景物进一步和心灵结合,景物心灵化的特征十分明显。何逊尤擅长于状物传神,他对于自然景物的描绘,体物细腻,意态横生,画面鲜丽。何逊致力于五言诗的创作,现存的九十五首诗均为五言诗。在语言、声律及意象选择与抒情的配合方面,比同时代的任何诗人都更接近唐诗的风格。何逊在诗歌艺术方面取得了杰出的成就,并且对唐诗产生了深远影响。

In He Xun＇s poems, the description of landscape is totally subject to the needs of the poet for the expression of his subjective emotions and is harmonious with the mood of the poet at the specific moments. Independent of the impact of the then conventions in his poetic creation, He Xun was able to transcend the then decadent style of writing. His landscape poems, scarcely pure poems on landscape, tended to envdop landscape description in an intense sadness of languish with lovesickness and reluctance to part, thus combining feelings with landscape and further blending landscape with the soul. He Xun was particularly good at bodying forth scenes and conveying emotions, and his portrayal of natural landscape was characterized by exquisiteness, vividness and splendour. He Xun dedicated himself to the creation of the five-syllable regulated verse, and his extant ninety-five poems are all five-syllable regulated ones. He Xun, much closer to the style of verse in the Tang Dynasty than any other poet of his day in terms of language, tonal patterns, the coordination of image choice and emotion expression, had attained marvelous achievements in poetic art and had exerted a far-reaching influence on verse of the Tang Dynasty.