超高速撞击弹丸形状效应数值模拟研究

Numerical Simulation Investigation into Projectile Shape Effects in Hypervelocity Impacts

为保证在轨航天器的安全运行,微流星体和空间碎片的防护成为现有航天器,特别是长寿命、大尺寸航天器设计时必须考虑的问题。本文采用AUTODYN软件进行了不同形状弹丸超高速撞击whipple防护结构的数值模拟,对不同形状弹丸撞击Whipple防护结构的撞击极限曲线进行了比较,分析了各形状弹丸撞击防护屏后形成的碎片云状态,以及分析了各撞击极限曲线之间差异的原因。不同形状弹丸对Whipple防护结构的损伤能力有很大差异,弹丸破碎和碎片云分散程度随弹丸速度、长径比和撞击方向的改变而改变。

In order to protect the performance safety of an orbiting vehicle, the shield for meteoroids and space debris becomes an indispensable factor in the design of a space vehicle, especially those with long orbital life and large size structures. Adopting the AUTODYN software, the paper simulates the hypervelocity impacts and compares ballistic limit curves on whipple shield by dif- ferent shapes of projectiles, analysing the status of debris clouds on whipple shield by different shapes of projectiles, and giving the reason for all kinds of ballistic limit curves＇ difference. The damage mechanism is different on whipple shield by different shapes of projectiles. The degree of fragmentation of the projectiles and debris cloud dispersant is changed with the velocity of the projectiles.the ratio between length and radius and the impacting direction.