沉水植物苦草粗蛋白的提取工艺研究

Optimized technology for the extraction of crude protein in submerged aquatic macrophytes Vallisneria spiralis L

苦草是减少水体污染,缓解水体富营养化的一种重要沉水植物,含有丰富的蛋白质。试验研究目的是优选沉水植物苦草粗蛋白提取的最佳工艺。采用碱提酸沉法从苦草中提取粗蛋白,通过单因子试验(单因素:NaOH溶液浓度、固液比、提取温度、提取时间)和L(934)正交试验,对影响粗蛋白的提取工艺进行了研究;同时比较了不同pH值对粗蛋白沉淀的影响。结果显示:苦草粗蛋白的最佳提取工艺条件为NaOH溶液浓度0.12mol/l、固液比1:60、提取温度70℃、提取时间80min,此条件下粗蛋白的提取率为67.62%;调节不同pH值沉淀苦草中粗蛋白时,pH值控制在1.05￣1.51之间可以获得最大的沉淀量;优选的苦草粗蛋白提取工艺效果较好,且稳定可行。

Vallisneria spiralis L. is an important submerged aquatic macrophyte which can reduce river pollution and improve water quality, in the eutrophic lakes. It is rich of protein. The optimized extracfion condition of crude protein in Submerged aquatic macrophytes Vallisneria spiralis L.was studied in this paper. The extraction procedure of crude protein from Vallisneria spiralis L. was to extract the erode protein with sodium hydroxide followed by precipitation with acid. Factors influencing the extraction rate were studied according to the experiments of odd factors（NaOH concentration,Vallisneria spiralis L. ： solution ration, extraction time, extraction temperature）and L9（3^4） systematical linear tests. The relationship of pH with the precipitation of crude protein was also studied. The optimized extraction condition was achieved as 0.12 mol/l NaOH, 1：60 Vallisneria spiralis L. ： solution ration, 70 ℃,80min.Under this condition,the maximum extraction rate of crude protein was 67.62%;and the best pH was 1.05-1.51 This optimized extraction technology of crude protein in Vallisneria spiralis L.was effective and easy to use.