地下空间空气污染状况及其消毒

THE STATUS OF AIR CONTAMINATION AND STERILIZATION UNDERGROUND

[目的]调查51条地下空间空气污染状况,观察二氧化氯(ClO2)对坑道空气的消毒效果。[方法]用撞击法和沉降法监测空气中细菌总数及真菌数。将活化后的ClO2分三组10 mg/m3、5 mg/m3、1 mg/m3对坑道空气进行喷雾消毒。[结果]地下空间空气细菌总数符合军用卫生标准。真菌以半密闭型最高,通道与房间分别为5 950 cfu/m3及9 500 cfu/m3,与对照组比较差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.01)。用ClO2 1 000 mg/L浓度10 ml/m3消毒30 min,撞击法及沉降法检测细菌总数消亡率为94.6%、93.5%,真菌消亡率为92.1%、89.6%。[结论]地下空间飘浮的大量真菌对进驻人员有潜在危害。ClO2以1 000 mg/L浓度,10 ml/m3对坑道空气消毒,杀菌效果满意。

[Objective] To study the status of air contamination in 51 underground spaces and the effect of air sterilization using chlorine dioxide. [Methods] The total bacterial count and mycetes in the air were monitored by the method of knock-on and settling process. The air in the tunnel was sterilized with active chlorine dioxide in 10 mg/m^3, 5 mg/m^3, 1 mg/m^3 respectively. [ Results ] The total bacterial count underground was consistent with the mihtary wholesome standard. Compared with the control group, mycetes was the most in the semi-closed spaces which reached 5 950cfu/m^3 and 9 500 cfu/m^3 in the aisles and rooms respectively, and was significantly higher （P 〈 0.01） . When sterilized with 1 000 mg/L chlorine dioxide in finial concentration of 10 ml/m^3 for 30 minutes, the dissolution ratio of the total bacterial count was 94.6% and 93.5% while mycetes was 92.1% and 89.6% using the method of knock-on and settling process. [Conclusion] A great deal of mycetes in the air underground have potential hazard to the people in it. We are satisfied with the effect of air sterilization using 1 000 mg/L chlorine dioxide in final concentration of 10 ml/m^3.