西昌市1960～2005年麻疹疫情监测

DYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF MEASLES EPIDEMIC DURING 1960-2005 IN XICHANG,SICHUAN

[目的]了解西昌市46年来麻疹发病规律及流行动态,为进一步做好麻疹防制工作提供科学依据。[方法]采用描述流行病学现况分析研究方法。[结果]46年来共发生麻疹病例18 107例,发病率总体趋势上呈现明显下降趋势。从20世纪60年代到90年代,年平均发病率下降幅度达到95.72%。特别是在开展麻疹疫苗普种以后,麻疹发病率明显降低。发病率大幅度下降的同时,周期性流行依然存在,表现出随时间推移周期间隔延长、流行高峰降低的现象。[结论]该市应继续加强冷链运转、提高麻疹疫苗的接种率,以进一步控制麻疹流行。

[Objective] To explore and analyze long term trend of measles in Xichang, which will provide scientific evidences for measles control. [Methods] Data were from Xichang case report system for infectious diseases. Descriptive epidemiological analysis was used to explore the long term epidemic features of measles. [Results] There were 18 107 measles cases occurred during 1960 to 2005. The incidence rates showed a remarkable decrease trend during the 46 years. From 1960＇s to 1990＇s, the annual average incidence of measles per one hundred thousand dropped from 335.20 to 14.33, which was 95.72% decreased. The decrease was especially remarkable after measles vaccine adopted in this area. While the incidence dropped, the periodicity of measles epidemic was still existence. However, the peak of the periodical epidemics became lower and the peak interval became longer along with the time pass. [Conclusion] There is still a lot of work to do to reach the goal for controlling measles in Xichang. The most importance parts of the work are doing better in cold chain and increase the coverage of measles vaccine.