从宪法到宪法诉讼

From the Constitution to the Constitutional Litigation

1803年,以美国的马伯里诉麦迪逊案为契机,揭开了宪法诉讼的序幕,在该案中,马歇尔法官提出一个极有价值的宪法问题。一部违宪的国会立法是否成为国家的法律?他认为,宪法是由人民制定的,是人民设定未来政府的方案,具有最高的法律效力。立法机构的权力是有限的。至此,以违宪审查制度的基础为宪法诉讼制度得到突飞猛进的发展,通过审查法律、法规以及某些重要的政治行为是否合宪来解释宪法的含义和保障宪法的实施成为宪法发挥其作用的重要途径。

The constitutional litigation began in 1803, when the case of Marbury accusing of Madison. Whether the law which is against the constitution can becomes the law. The judge Marshall believed that constitution was made by people and it is the future plan for the government so it is of the highest value. The power of legislation institution is limited. The constitution-supervision system develops fast. Checking laws and regulation with constitution can promise the implement of constitution.