武汉市学龄前儿童睡眠状况及影响因素分析

Analysis on sleep characteristics and its risk factors of preschool children in Wuhan city

目的了解武汉市学龄前儿童睡眠状况、睡眠障碍发生情况及其发病危险因素，为儿童睡眠障碍的预防和干预提供依据。方法采用分层整群抽样方法抽取武汉市3460名3-6岁儿童作为研究对象，应用自行设计的儿童睡眠状况问卷对儿童家长进行调查。结果儿童睡眠时间平时为（10．04±1．82）h，周末为（10．13±2．09）h;睡眠障碍相关症状发生率为52．95％，其中睡眠不安27．43％，磨牙23．22％，入睡困难21．96％；儿童睡眠障碍的主要危险因素为看电视时间长、常鼻塞、经常饮用含咖啡饮料等。结论武汉市学龄前儿童睡眠时间低于国内外同年龄段儿童睡眠基本需求标准。睡眠障碍相关症状发生率较高，应引起重视。

Objective To study the prevalence and the risk factors of sleep disorders in preschool children in Wuhan. And to provide evidence for the prevention and intervention of sleep disorders. Methods 3 460 children aged 3 to 6 were enrolled into this study by using a stratified cluster sampling method in Wuhan. Parents of the children were surveyed with a questionnaire. Results The mean total sleep time per day was （ 10.04 ± 1. 82） hours on weekdays （Monday to Friday）, and （10.13 ± 2.09） hours on weekend. The prevalence of sleep disorders was 52.95 96, among which the prevalence of night awakenings was 27.43 96, bruxism 23.22 96, sleep - onset disorders 21.96 96. Watching TV too late, adenotonsillar hypertrophy, parents＇ depression and anxiety, the frequency of coffee were the risk factom related to development of sleep disorders. Conclusion The total sleep time per day is relatively less and the prevalence of sleep disorders in children aged 3 to 6 in Wuhan is higher than that of other children, which merits a good attention.