AIDS病人/HIV感染者孤独现状与相关因素分析

Analysis on loneliness and its influential factors among PLWHAS

目的了解血源性艾滋病高发乡艾滋病病人(AIDS)/人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)感染者(PLWHAS)的孤独现状,探讨其孤独的相关因素。方法整群抽取某血源性AIDS高发乡10个行政村的219名艾滋病病人/HIV感染者。用自制的农村社区艾滋病病人/HIV感染者社会支持模式调查表(包括孤独评定量表(UCLA)、家庭功能量表(APGAR)、社会支持量表(SSS)、日常生活功能状态量表(ADL)等)对目标人群进行调查。结果孤独均分为(47.62±11.52)分。在所调查的项目中,职业为农民、子女不孝顺、无经济来源、与邻居关系差、家庭功能和社会支持差的PLWHAS,孤独评分较高。多元逐步回归分析结果表明,主观生活满意度、社会支持、家庭功能等变量对预测孤独差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中主观生活满意度的作用最强。结论PLWHAS孤独是多因素综合作用的结果,针对家庭功能和社会支持而采取人群干预策略和措施是减轻孤独、提高PLWHAS生活质量从而提高主观生活满意度的一个重要途径。

Objective To describe the loneliness of people living with HIV/AIDS （PLWHAS）, in Anhui rural area, and to explore its influential factors. Methods 219 villagers lived in Jingjiu township of Yingzhou district, Fuyang city were selected for this subjects. Data were collected through face- to - face interview using the UCLA Loneliness Scale, Social Support Scale, Activity of Daily Living Scale, etc. Results The mean score of loneliness was 47.62 （ SD = 11.52）, and the people who were farmer, with poor fealty from the offspring, poor pocketbook, poor relationship with neighborhood, and poor family functioning, as well as social support were more likely to have higher scores of loneliness, The results of stepwise regression analysis showed that family functioning, social support etc. were the significant predicting variables of loneliness, and was the most powerful predictor. Conclusion PLWHAS is impacted by multiple factor, an important way for alleviating feelings of loneliness and improving quality of life would be the implementation for intervention strategies in popttlation designed to address family function and social support among PLWHAS.