机械通气撤离的预测指标

Predicting indexes of ventilator weaning

机械通气的撤离包括脱机和拔管两个部分。成功脱机并拔管可以减少机械通气带来的副作用、缩短住院时间、降低医疗费用。但如果拔管失败，则会增加患者的死亡率，延长住院时间。因此有必要选择合适的指标，提高预测脱机、拔管的准确率。脱机和拔管指标包括呼吸力学指标和自主呼吸试验，它们可以单独使用，也可以多个指标结合在一起使用。

Discontinuation of mechanical ventilation includes two steps： separation of the patient from the ventilator,and removal of the artificial airway. Successful ventilator weaning can reduce the complication rate for mechanical ventilation, the length of hospital stay and costs. Moreover, failed trials of extubation have been associated with excess hospital mortality, prolonged hospital stays. It is important to choose suitable parameters,which can predict weaning and extubation outcomes. The parameters of weaning and extubation include respiratory mechanics and spontaneous breathing trails. They can be put in single or combinative use.