规则形式及其呈现问题情境对高二学生类比迁移影响研究

Study of Impact of the Patterns of Principle and Its Problematic Circumstances on Eleventh-grade Students' Analogical Transfer

本研究以396名高中二年级学生为被试,采用4×4组间设计探讨规则形式及其呈现问题情境对类比迁移的影响。主要得到以下结论:1.在类比迁移中起关键作用的是规则,但是规则只有与样例结合才能发挥它对样例的促进作用;2.在有问题情境时,直接呈现规则与需要归纳才能得到规则相比,更有利于促进类比迁移;3.在有规则的情况下,样例间的关系为不同领域的相似关系与其他样例间关系相比,对类比迁移的促进作用更大。

This research regarded the patterns of principle and problematic circumstances of principle-presentation as a breakthrough to find out the effective way to improve ability of analogical transfer. The research had 396 eleventh-grade students as the subjects, using a design between groups of 4 × 4. The results revealed： 1. Principles played a significant role in analogical transfer; 2. Under the problematic circumstances, presenting principles directly was more effective compared with inducing prineiples in promoting analogical transfer;3. Under the condition of having principles, the similar relationship between the examples in different fields had a greater effect in promoting analogical transfer than the other two relationships.