湖沼地区湖北钉螺不同调查方法的比较研究

Comparative study on survey methods of Oncomelania hupensis in marshland and lake regions

目的确定一种比较好的现场抽样与钉螺调查方法。方法从安徽省池州市贵池区秋浦河沿岸的14个滩地中随机选择一个滩地作为研究现场,分别设计常规调查、个人重复调查、交叉重复调查和交叉复核随机抽检调查4种方法收集钉螺数据,从调查的钉螺密度和钉螺漏捡率两个角度分析评价不同调查方法的优劣。结果个人重复调查、交叉重复调查和交叉复核随机抽检调查3种调查方法得到的钉螺密度经Kruskal-WallisH检验,差异无统计学意义(χ2=3.87,P=0.144),两两比较差异亦无统计学意义,而它们与常规调查的差异有统计学意义(U=309.00,P<0.01);交叉复核随机抽检调查的漏捡率(0.57%)、交叉重复调查(5.24%)和个人重复调查的漏捡率(10.26%)经Kruskal-WallisH检验,差异有统计学意义(χ2=37.44,P<0.01),并且两两比较差异有统计学意义。交叉复核随机抽检调查的漏捡率最低。结论交叉复核随机抽检调查的效果最好,可用于现场的定量钉螺调查研究中。湖沼地区常规调查的数据应当慎重地用于钉螺相关的定量研究。

Objective To explore a better method for investigating Oncomelania hupensis in marshland and lake regions. Methods A bottomland was randomly selected as the research field from the 14 bottomlands along the Qiupu River in Guichi District, Chizhou City, Anhui Province, and the conventional survey, individually repeated survey, crossed-repeated survey and crosscheckrandom sampling inspection survey were used in the same research area. The snail density and omission rate were used to evaluate the data quality of the different survey methods. Results There were no statistically significant differences on snail density among the following three survey meth ods, individually repeated survey, crossed repeated survey and crosscheck-random sampling inspec tion survey, tested by the method of Kruskal Wallis H test （X^2= 3.87,P= 0. 144）,which were different from snail density of conventional survey（U= 309.00, P〈0.01）. Omission rates of individually repeated survey, crossed-repeated survey and crosscheck random sampling inspection survey were different tested by the method of Kruskal-Wallis H test （X^2= 37.44, P〈0.01） and crosscheck-random sampling inspection survey had the smallest omission rate. Conclusions Crosscheckrandom sampling inspection survey is the best method to investigate Oncomelania hupensis, and can be used for quantitative study in field, while the data from conventional survey should be cautiously used to study Oncomelania hupensis quantitatively.