厦门方言词汇一百多年来的变化——对三本教会厦门话语料的考察

The Change of the Vocabulary of Xiamen Dialect over the Last 100 Years:a Study of Three Books Written by the Missionaries

比较19世纪传教士编写的厦门方言语料和现代厦门方言可以看出,一百多年来,厦门方言常用基本词变化不大;一般词汇则约有半数发生了变化:或成为历史词汇,或精简合并,或义项改变。厦门方言词汇的各种变化,体现了词汇系统的内部竞争及其规律,也是厦门的社会生活各方面演变的结果。

Comparing the materials on Xiamen dialect written by the missionaries in the 19th century with materials today, we find that the basic vocabulary in Xiamen dialect has not changed much since the middle of the 19th century, but about half of the common words have varied. Some of them have become archaic, some have just simplified and some have changed their meanings. All the variations show the internal competition and development within the vocabulary of the dialect and they are the results of the evolution of social life.