基于尺度转折点的空间分析方法研究

Study on the Spatial-Analysis Method Based on Turning Point of the Scale

对景观生态学中有关空间分析和尺度转换的方法及基于直方变差图的尺度转换方法进行对比,分析其优缺点;在直方变差图的基础上,结合分形理论引入了尺度转折点这一概念。确定尺度转折点是研究重点,通过各个尺度转折点可以确定遥感图像上的各个尺度域,从而为不同尺度的地表时空多变要素提供一种尺度转换的依据。采用互联网上的IKONOS天安门地区图像数据进行验证。

On one hand, this paper compares the spatial analysis method in the landscape ecology with the latest histo - variogram method which was presented by Zhang Hao, et al in 2002 and then analyzes their advantages and shortcomings. On the other hand,the concept based on histo- variogram and fractal theory is introduced： the turning point of the scale.On the basis of the turning point, the scaling extent can be decided. In the same scaling extent,the scaling effect needn＇t to take into account. In virtue of the similarity of the process,the method of the scale transformation is simple and the accuracy of prediction is much higher. Just like the formula： Sδ= f（S0）δ^d-2which can express the relation that the standing pixels of experimental area vary with scales （Zhang Hao,2002）. Between the different scaling extents,obvious scaling effect exists and the method or model for the scale transformation becomes more complex. The variables what we study by using simple linear relationship can＇ t be predicted. How to make sure the turning point of the scale derived by different methods is the main idea in this paper. The image for the study is scenes of Tian- an - men district of IKONOS with 4 m resolution.