中继卫星与用户星双向跟踪关系及策略

On the tracking strategies and space geometrical relationship between a TDRS and user satellites

从跟踪策略和通信链路建立角度出发,利用中继卫星(TDRS)和用户星的空间几何关系,充分考虑用户星体和地球遮挡因素,推导出基于卫星经典轨道根数和姿态的TDRS与用户星的双向跟踪规律以及TDRS对用户星覆盖率计算公式.同时为了克服星体遮挡,提出用户星天线安装在星体对天面桅杆上的最佳安装策略,确定了桅杆高度与星体长度的关系,它们是TDRS和用户星跟踪部件设计和业务测控的基础.

From the viewpoint of tracking strategies and link establishment, this paper studies the space geometrical relationship between a TDRS and user satellites in detail. Taking into account of the occultation caused by the Earth and the body of a satellite, the bidirectional tracking rules for a TDRS and user satellites are investigated based on classical orbital elements and the satellite＇s attitude. The coverage of a TDRS over a user satellite with different orbital altitudes is calculated and simulated. In order to overcome the occultation caused by the body of a user satellite, a way to fix the antenna to a mast which extrudes above the side towards space of a user satellite is presented. With an appropriate height of the mast, the occultation can be eliminated. All these formulas and strategies are the key elements for TT＆C and applications of China＇s future TDRS.