伊斯兰宗教改革与中东社会变革——世界史视角下的中东社会发展剖析

Religious Reform of Islam and Social Transformation in the Middle East——A Historic View of Middle East Social Development

从世界文明发展史的视角考察中东社会的发展,将有助于我们更准确地认识中东社会复杂的现状、把握其发展态势。中东地区曾有过辉煌的历史,只是在近代以来衰落了,目前中东国家正处于十分重要的转型时期,即摒弃传统专制主义之后向现代民主政治迈进的“过渡政治阶段”。伊斯兰教本身却仍处在相对滞后的发展阶段,承载了太多的非宗教功能,使政教关系变得更加错综复杂。社会生产方式在很大程度上阻碍了中东国家政治、经济和宗教的发展,伊斯兰教改革滞后也影响到中东社会的进一步发展。伊斯兰宗教改革不仅能实现自我完善,还必将推动中东地区深刻的社会变革。

It would redound to understand the complicated status in Middle East region and grasp its evolution trend that examines social development in Middle East from perspective of world civilization history. Middle East has declined since modern era and still now in status of underdevelopment, however, it had possessed refulgent history. Middle East countries have been now in a very important period, namely ＂a period of transitional politics＂ toward modern democratic politics, after slamming down traditional autocratic politics. Islam now is also in behindhand level comparatively, bearing so many unreligious functions that lead the relations of politics and religion much more complicated and confusing. The backward mode of social production cumbers development of politics, economy and religion in Middle East countries. Then the lagged status of Islamic religion has further hindered social development in Middle East. Therewith Islamic reform would not only realize self-perfect, but also promote profound social changes in Middle East.