论环境标准的国际外部性及其内在化

On International Externality of Environment Standard and Its Internalization

环境标准的国际外部性是指因环境标准的国别差异所引起的环境污染的跨国转移和构成新的市场准入障碍。环境标准的国际外部性引发国家间的贸易摩擦和冲突;引起环境污染“放大化”;阻碍发展中国家的经济发展。内在化环境标准的国际外部性,必须加强环境标准的国际协调;建立国际环境补偿与援助机制;推动和完善ISO14000环境管理系列标准。

International externality of environment standard means transfer of pollution across borders and new obstacles blocking the entrance into international market in international trade and investment. They are caused by the different environment standards in different countries. International externalities of environment standard have broad negative effects, such as causing friction and conflict in international trade, increasing the pollution, and obstructing the economical development in developing countries. To internalize international externalities of environment standard, we should strengthen the international harmonization of environment standard, and establish international compensation and assistant mechanism, and should improve ISO14000, the environment management system standard.